Erectile Dysfunction in Nigerian Men

 

By Julius Anointing. Freelance Health Writer and DLHA Volunteer. Medical review and editorial support by the DLHA Team

 

 

 

Introduction

 

Erectile dysfunction (ED), also known as impotence, is a common male sexual dysfunction problem characterized by the inability to obtain or maintain an adequate erection for satisfactory sexual performance.

 

ED is oftentimes disregarded as a health issue that affects men all over the world, but in recent years, there has been an increasing awareness of the issue among Nigerian men. This has resulted in more conversations and efforts to study and address the factors that contribute to it in this group.

 

This article aims to provide a thorough overview of erectile dysfunction in Nigerian men, including burden, causes, risk factors, and treatment.

 

Burden of Erectile Dysfunction in Nigeria

 

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common sexual condition that affects 10-20% of men worldwide. According to studies, the burden of ED in Nigeria is significantly higher, with estimates ranging from 30% to 50%. ^[1]

 

The occurrence of ED rises with age, with men over 50 being more prone to suffer from it. To further complicate matters, ED is also associated with some chronic illnesses such as diabetes, hypertension, and cariovascular diseases, making it even more challenging for men over the age of 50 to cope. ^[2] 

 

Factors Influencing Attitudes on Sexual Health

 

Many factors influence the viewpoints of people about sexual health, especially erectile dysfunction (ED). An individual’s awareness of ED, willingness to seek help, and access to treatment can all be influenced by these factors.

 

• Religion

 

Religious beliefs can have a significant impact on sexual attitudes and sexual health. Some religions may consider ED to be a form of retribution for sin or an indication of weakness. This can lead to emotions of shame and guilt, which can deter people from getting help.

 

Furthermore, religious views may influence treatment decisions. Some people, for example, may refuse to take medications or undergo procedures that they believe are incompatible with their religious views.

 

• Education

 

Education is critical for encouraging healthy sexual activities and preventing sexual health issues. Individuals who understand sexual health are more likely to seek help for issues such as ED. Access to comprehensive sexual health education, on the other hand, might vary greatly depending on cultural norms and values. Sex education may be considered taboo or inappropriate in some societies. Individuals may be left with a lack of understanding about sexual health, making them more vulnerable to sexual health concerns.

 

• Socioeconomic standing

 

Perspectives on ED can also be influenced by socioeconomic level (SES). People with lower socioeconomic status may have less access to healthcare and sexual health education. They may also be more susceptible to stress and other psychosocial variables that contribute to ED.

 

• Sexual preference

 

Sexual orientation can potentially have an impact on ED visits and access to treatment. When seeking ED treatment, LGBTQ people may confront discrimination and stigma. Furthermore, individuals may have trouble locating healthcare practitioners that are informed and sensitive to their specific needs.

 

• Marital status

 

Sexual behavior and views regarding ED can also be influenced by marital status. Married couples may be more likely than unmarried couples to seek therapy for ED. This is due to a variety of variables, including the value of physical closeness in marriage and the enhanced emotional support that married couples may get.

 

• Family influence

 

Family structure can also have an impact on views regarding sexuality and ED. Sex may be a taboo subject in some families. This can make it challenging for people to discuss ED and seek help. Furthermore, families with a history of ED may be more likely to pass on negative attitudes toward the condition to their children.

 

• Media

 

The media can also have an impact on people's attitudes on sexuality and ED. The media and most especially social media, frequently promotes unrealistic sexual health standards, which can put individuals under pressure and make them feel inadequate. Furthermore, the media may represent ED in a negative light, discouraging people from seeking help.

 

Common Causes of Erectile Dysfunction in the Nigeria

 

One population based study in Southwestern Nigeria found that the most common causes of ED were hypertension (37.2%), diabetes mellitus (28.8%), and cardiovascular disease (19.6%). ^[2]

 

Here are some of the most common causes of ED in Nigerian men:

 

• Age: Age is an indirect or associated factor in the causation of ED as most of the chronic diseases identified below as causes of ED are more likely to occur in older men.

 

• Vascular disease: Is the most common cause of ED, accounting for up to half of all cases. Vascular illness affects the blood vessels that supply the penis, making erections harder to obtain and maintain.

 

• Diabetes: This is a major risk factor for ED, and up to 70% of diabetic men will develop ED at some point in their lives. Diabetes harms the nerves and blood vessels required for sexual function.

 

• Brain and Nerve (Neurological) disorders: ED can also be caused by brain and nerve (neurological) disorders such as Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and stroke. These conditions can harm the nerves that control erections.

 

• Hormonal abnormalities: Low testosterone levels, can also play a role in ED. Testosterone is a hormone that is essential for male growth and development generally.

 

• Malnutrition: Malnutrition can result in a lack of critical nutrients required for sexual function.

 

• Substance use, such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption and drug use, can harm the blood vessels and nerves required for sexual function.

 

• Chronic sleep disorders: Chronic sleep disorders affect general health and well-being negatively and are known to be risk factors for diabetes, obesity, mental health problems, hypertension, and other chronic cardiovascular disorders. These conditions have already been listed as possible causes of ED.

 

• Low sexual knowledge and techniques: Men with low sexual knowledge and sexual technique skills are prone to have heightened anxiety, short-lived arousal, premature ejaculation, low self-esteem, and demonstrate clumsiness during sexual encounters. These in turn may impact their psychological dispositions and create mental stress and ED.

 

• Poor interpersonal relationships: Warm and respectful interpersonal relations between couples foster sexual performance and satisfaction. Consequently, couples with poor interpersonal relationships are more likely to report feelings of dissatisfaction, and this may contribute to ED in men.

 

• Trauma: Injury to the penis, pelvis, or spinal cord can also result in ED.

 

• Cancer and cancer treatments: Cancer, most especially advanced prostate cancer and its treatment such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, can all result in ED.

 

Treatment Options and Healthcare Resources

 

Treatment of ED can be grouped into non-medical and medical/surgica;

 

A. Non-medical treatment options include:

 

• Changes in Lifestyle

Lifestyle changes are critical in the treatment of ED. These changes include:

• Regular exercise
• Eating a well-balanced
• Maintaining a healthy weight is also important, as excess weight can contribute to diseases such as diabetes and hypertension, both of which are risk factors for ED.
• Smoking cessation
• Reduction in alcohol consumption
• Stoppage of recreational drug use
• Stress reduction.

 

• Psychological Assistance

Recognizing the psychological components of ED, counseling and talk therapy can be of great assistance. Addressing mental health matters like depression, anxiety, stress, or relationship concerns can enhance sexual health dramatically. In addition, counseling can help men recognize and overcome any negative thoughts or feelings that may be interfering with their sexual performance. It can also help men learn better communication and problem-solving skills, which can help them build stronger relationships.

 

• Stress Management

The practice of yoga, mindfulness, breathing exercises, and acupuncture are often promoted to help in relieving stress generally but there are no reliable scientific studies that these actually work in the treatment of ED. A placebo effect (a patient’s belief that a treatment works even in the absence of any known cure properties in the treatment) may be in play in many situations where ED sufferers engage in these practices. 

 

B. Medical treatment options include:

 

• Home Remedies and Non-prescription Medications

 

Many home and natural remedies are promoted in Nigeria for the treatment of ED. There are no evidence-based studies to show that these home/natural remedies work as claimed or that they contain the active ingredients often alleged to be present. Indeed, these remedies are considered as unproven and oftentimes harmful and are not recommended for human use by the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) in Nigeria. This agency has responsibility for the safety of food, medications, and medical devices that are imported, manufactured, distributed, and marketed for use in the country.

 

Some examples of these home/natural remedies include concoctions containing:

• Cannabis
• Yohimbine (the main ingredient of an African tree’s bark, touted as an aphrodisiac in open markets)
• Gingko
• Ginseng
• L-arginine or Propionyl-L-carnitine supplements
• Diverse other ingredients.

 

It's strongly advised that you do not take any home/natural remedy without first consulting with your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist.

 

• Prescription Medications

Many prescription medications approved for use in treating ED in Nigeria work by relaxing the smooth muscles in the wall of blood vessels of the penis, thereby increasing blood flow for purposes of maintaining erection and supporting male sexual performance. These drugs include:

• Sildenafil
• Tadalafil
• Vardenafil

 

Side effects of these drugs include

• Headache
• Congestion of the nose
• Muscle aches
• Dizziness
• Flushing
• Indigestion
• Blurriness of vision or blindness (in severe cases)

 

 It's important to note that ED drugs are not safe for everyone, including those with low blood pressure, uncontrolled high blood pressure, or those with kidney or liver disease.

 

People taking oral medications containing nitrates for heart-related (angina) pain should also avoid taking these drugs.

 

It is strongly advised not to take medications for ED or any other conditions without consulting with your physician frst.

 

C. Surgical treatment options include:

 

• Use of devices and implants. e.g.
  • Vacuum erection device
  • Penile prosthesis

• Microsurgical Penile revascularisation

 

Your doctor may recommend surgery or the use of a penile device if medication doesn’t successfully treat your erectile dysfunction, 

 

Surgery may also be the only treatment option for young men under the age of 40 years with severe ED due to a physical trauma, prior surgery in the pelvis, or a medical condition, such as cancer.

 

Your doctor would work with you to determine which device or procedure best suits your needs and lifestyle.

 

 

Importance of Seeking Professional Help and Breaking Stigmas

 

Despite how common ED is, many men do not seek medical attention. This is frequently owing to the stigma associated with the disease.

 

Men may be embarrassed to discuss their ED, or they may be concerned that their doctor will criticize them. It is crucial to remember, however, that ED is a curable disorder. Lifestyle changes, talk therapy, medications, and surgery are among the safe and effective treatments available.

 

Seeking professional therapy for ED is critical for a number of reasons. To begin, it can be useful in ruling out any underlying medical conditions that may be causing the ED. Furthermore, a doctor can assist in the development of an effective treatment plan that is suited to the specific needs of the individual patient. Lastly, a doctor can offer assistance and counseling to assist the patient in dealing with the emotional components of ED.

 

It is critical to consult your doctor if you are suffering ED. They will be able to assist you in understanding your illness and developing a treatment plan that is appropriate for you.

 

 

FAQs

 

1. Does erectile dysfunction cause infertility in men?

 

No, erectile dysfunction (ED) is not a direct cause of infertility. However, underlying causes of ED, such as certain medical problems, drugs, or lifestyle factors, may have an impact on fertility. For a thorough evaluation, it is critical to discuss both ED and fertility concerns with healthcare providers.

 

2. Can erectile dysfunction be cured?

 

While some types of erectile dysfunction can be properly treated or managed, the term "cure" may not always be accurate. Treatment options for erectile dysfunction include medication, lifestyle changes, and psychological therapies. Consultation with healthcare professionals can assist in determining the best approach based on individual circumstances.

 

3. Can marital cheating cause erectile dysfunction?

 

Marital cheating itself is not a direct cause of erectile dysfunction. However, the emotional stress, guilt, or marital problems connected with adultery can all contribute to the psychological factors that influence ED. Open communication and getting expert support for relationship issues are critical for dealing with both emotional and sexual health issues.

 

4. Do natural therapies for erectile dysfunction that are advertised locally work?

 

The efficacy of natural remedies for erectile dysfunction varies, and their effectiveness is not universally proven. While some people may benefit from particular herbs or supplements, it is critical to approach these therapies with caution. To guarantee safety and efficacy, it is suggested that you consult with a healthcare expert.

 

5. Can masturbation help to cure erectile dysfunction?

 

Masturbation is a normal sexual action that can benefit sexual health by increasing blood flow and sustaining sexual function. It is not, however, a cure for erectile dysfunction. Persistent or worsening ED needs expert examination and may necessitate a variety of treatment techniques.

 

6. Does wave therapy for ED work?

 

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy, often known as wave therapy, is a new erectile dysfunction treatment. While some studies indicate positive results, its effectiveness is still being investigated, and results may vary between individuals. It is necessary to consult with healthcare professionals to determine its suitability and efficacy for specific cases.

 

 

Conclusion

 

Erectile dysfunction in Nigerian men is a complex issue influenced by many factors, including cultural, medical, and psychological. Individuals can take proactive actions toward improving sexual health by learning the prevalence, reasons, and accessible therapies. Creating a supportive workplace where getting professional help becomes the norm requires shattering stigmas and promoting open communication.

 

 

References:

1. Idung AU, Abasiubong F, Ukott IA, Udoh SB, Unadike BC. Prevalence and risk factors of erectile dysfunction in Niger delta region, Nigeria. Afr Health Sci. 2012 Jun;12(2):160-5. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v12i2.13.

2. Oyelade BO, Jemilohun AC, Aderibigbe SA. Prevalence of erectile dysfunction and possible risk factors among men of South-Western Nigeria: a population based study. Pan Afr Med J. 2016 Jun 8;24:124. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2016.24.124.8660.

 

 

Related:

• Age, Income, and Education May Raise Your Odds For Erectile Dysfunction, Nigerian Study Finds

• Be aware: Erectile Dysfunction in Younger Men Often a Sign of Diabetes

 

 

 

Published: November 28, 2023

© 2023. Datelinehealth Africa Inc. All rights reserved.

Permission is given to copy, use and share content without alteration or modification and subject to attribution as to source.